Antioxidant Power of Spices: In Vivo Results with Realistic Dosages
Cloves, ginger, rosemary, turmeric significantly stifle inflammation while black pepper, cayenne, cinnamon, cumin, oregano, paprika, heated turmeric do nothing.
Milos Pokimica
Written By: Milos Pokimica
Medically Reviewed by: Dr. Xiùying Wáng, M.D.
Updated December 21, 2025Key Takeaways:
– Spices are rich sources of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds that can modulate oxidative stress and inflammation in the body (Madsen et al., 1995).
– Spices may have potential benefits for preventing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders (Yashin et al., 2017).
– Cloves, ginger, rosemary, and turmeric were able to significantly stifle the inflammatory response in vivo while black pepper, cayenne, cinnamon, cumin, oregano, paprika, sage, and heated turmeric did nothing (Percival et al., 2012).
– 0.3 grams of heat-treated turmeric was able to bring down DNA damage in half (Percival et al., 2012).
Introduction.
Spices have been used for centuries not only to add flavor and aroma to food but also for their medicinal properties. Recent studies have shown that many spices contain high levels of antioxidants, compounds that protect the body against damage from harmful free radicals. This has led to the idea that spices can be used as supplemental antioxidants for their health benefits.
Spices as a general rule are one of the most potent sources of antioxidants, however, very high levels of antioxidants have been found in some specific spices like turmeric, cinnamon, ginger, and cumin (Yashin et al., 2017). Curcumin, a compound present in turmeric, is a potent antioxidant that can decrease inflammation in the body. Cinnamon contains cinnamaldehyde, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Ginger contains gingerol, a compound with antioxidant effects that may help reduce oxidative stress in the body. Cumin contains cuminaldehyde which has been found to scavenge free radicals in vitro.
In addition to their antioxidant properties, many spices also have other health benefits (Jiang et al., 2019). For example, turmeric has anti-inflammatory effects which may help reduce pain associated with arthritis and other inflammatory conditions. Cinnamon may help lower blood sugar levels in people with diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity. Ginger has been found to help relieve nausea and vomiting, and may also have anti-inflammatory effects.
In this article, we would analyze some of the ways we could use spices as supplements to boost the health and antioxidant score of our diet.
Spices are cheap, spices are potent, and spices are easy to consume.
Milos Pokimica
Golden rule:
Most powerful antioxidants are a concentrated form of natural antioxidant-rich herbs. On top of the list will be essential oils, herbal extracts, dried herbs, and powders. Then we will have dried fruit, and superfoods like antioxidant-rich fruit, raw nuts, and seeds and vegetables. Then there will be regular fruit, and regular vegetables, and then at the very end a whole list of animal products that have no antioxidant value and are pro-inflammatory.
Milos Pokimica
Spices or herbs.
When you look and go down at the list of the most potent antioxidant-rich food sources you will notice that most of the items will be different spices or herbs.
Rosemary, meadowsweet, peppermint, thyme, wild marjoram, cinnamon, turmeric, lemon balm, sage, allspice, oregano, and so on.
Most of these spices and herbs will be used in normal cooking but only in small amounts and sporadically.
Sometimes even a pinch of them will have an impact on overall levels of consumed antioxidants.
If we want a real increase in our antioxidant intake realistically it would be a hard time doing it with just spices and herbs. What we can do is use them as a supplement.
For example, you can mix turmeric and ground pepper, and amla and take a teaspoon of it every day with water as a supplement. That will be a more significant increase in antioxidant intake instead of eating curry as a spice with a meal. There is a long list of potent spices and some are stronger than others but there is a question about their antioxidant bioavailability.
The bioavailability of antioxidants can be improved by combining certain spices and herbs. For example, combining turmeric with black pepper could help improve the absorption of curcumin in turmeric, which is one of the main antioxidants in spice. Additionally, combining spices and herbs with other antioxidant-rich foods can also boost their absorption. This can be done by making a smoothie with fruits and vegetables and adding a teaspoon of antioxidant-rich spices to enhance the flavor and the antioxidant content. Furthermore, consuming spices and herbs with healthy fats can also help increase their absorption, as the fats help carry the antioxidants into the body.
Bioavailability.
One of the main reasons why USDA removed the ORAC database is because of bioavailability. People were starting to do the same thing that I do. They started to do something they don’t like. ORAC values started to directly influence consumer decisions.
Because not all plants are made equal and some have much greater nutrient density than others people would choose to eat a more nutrient-dense diet. The problem is that the entire ORAC value database is derived from in vitro studies that involve just exposing a substance to oxygen and measuring the result. This might not correlate to real In vivo effects inside a body. Even if it does it might cause other health problems. A good example of this would be Sangre De Grado as the number one measured antioxidant superstar that showed a mutagenic effect on some strains of bacteria in vivo. This means that Sangre De Grado could be a natural antibiotic that targets only some strains of bacteria or it could mean that it is just a plain mutagen where some bacteria are just more resilient. I don’t know. Traditionally it is used for the common cold, upper airway infections, ulcers, and many other conditions. I am just using this as an example for the entire field. This is a vast topic that we can learn more about as research is done.
This is a reason why we need to have extensive research into this topic in the first place. ORAC values are just initial guidelines. Studies that measure the direct anti-inflammatory effect of antioxidant-rich food sources are more valid if we want to have real-life choices. The problem is that most of these studies do not have a patent at the end of the research and also can be in direct competition for consumer choices. For example, one phytochemical extracted from Sangre de Grado was approved as a drug by the FDA for diarrhea in people with AIDS. Someone might decide to take supplemental antioxidants as whole food sources of these phytochemicals instead big pharma medicine. And this is a big problem that limits the amount of available research.
In short, the ORAC database provided a good starting point for people to make informed decisions about their diets. However, it did not provide enough information to make a definitive conclusion about the health benefits of eating certain types of food. More research and clinical trials are needed especially real in vivo results with live human subjects, to truly understand the effects of antioxidant-rich food sources on the body. It is important for consumers to be aware of the limitations of the ORAC database by itself and to use other sources of information also to make informed decisions about their diets.
In vivo results.
If we want to see real in vivo results on the effect of spices to see what they do and if they do anything in doses that are used in normal cooking, we can look at some studies.
In this study (Percival et al., 2012) they feed subjects with different types of spices for a week. The quantity they used and this is very important is just a small amount that people get in a normal diet like for example 0.3 grams of cloves or up to 2.8 grams of ginger.
They used just 0.3 grams of turmeric per day, 0.3 g/day of cayenne pepper, 1.7 g/day of paprika, 1.7 g/day of Saigon cinnamon, 2.8 g/day of cumin, Mediterranean oregano 1.1 g/day, black pepper 2.8 g/day, rosemary 2.8 g/day, dalmatian sage 1.7 g/day, clove 0.3 g/day and ginger 2.8 g/day. After a week, they drew blood and then dropped that blood onto human white blood cells that had been exposed to oxidized cholesterol. Then researchers measured how much inflammatory cytokines white blood cells produced in response. They wanted to see how much eating different spices will lower inflammatory response and also how much will they protect DNA. This is the closest we can get to measuring the real-life influence of some food because they did not just measure the antioxidant level in the blood or they did not just use a spice like for example turmeric and measure its effects directly.
They used the blood of people that have been eating spices in realistic dosages.
The result was that cloves, ginger, rosemary, and turmeric were able to significantly stifle the inflammatory response while black pepper, cayenne, cinnamon, cumin, oregano, paprika, sage, and heated turmeric did nothing.
This would suggest that, while some spices have no effect, other spices like cloves, ginger, rosemary, and turmeric can have a significant effect on lowering inflammation. This is even when consumed in amounts that are found in a normal diet. This could be beneficial to those suffering from chronic inflammation, as consuming such spices could possibly help to reduce the inflammation in the body.
DNA damage.
They also measured the impact on DNA damage.
Paprika, rosemary, ginger, heat-treated turmeric, sage, and cumin protected against DNA strand breaks.
This does not automatically mean that other spices are useless and not bioavailable. There is a possibility of that.
It means two things, they might not be bioavailable or that dosages were low to elicit an effect.
In regards to DNA protection in normal conditions, people will have 7 to 10 percent of their DNA in tissue samples damaged. The body repairs damage all the time and some DNA damage in 7 to 10 cells in every 100 cells is considered normal. Usually, people that have a bad diet have around 10 percent. In the study, ginger has broth down this number from 10 to 8, rosemary to 7, and turmeric to 4.5.
Just a small pinch of 0.3 grams of turmeric was able to bring down DNA damage in half. This is for heat-treated turmeric, the raw turmeric showed no effect while exactly the opposite was found for the anti-inflammatory effect. Heat-treated turmeric showed no effect on inflammation while raw powder did. It seems that we should consume both forms of turmeric. This result means that antioxidants and in this case spices and especially turmeric have the ability to prolong life.
To conclude, the results of this study show that spices and herbs can be very powerful in protecting our cells from damage. By consuming the right amount and type of spices, we can protect ourselves from DNA damage and reduce inflammation. This can help us maintain healthy cells and prolong our lives. It is also important to note that not all spices have the same effect and that the form in which they are consumed can also make a difference. Therefore, it is important to choose the right spices and to consume them in the right form for maximum benefit.
Basic mix.
Back in the day when I first started incorporating this knowledge into my life, I started with a basic mix of turmeric powder and ground black pepper. I didn’t take any of the supplements I just used ground turmeric powder that I purchased in a regular health food store. In the beginning that was all I did. Every morning I took one teaspoon of turmeric and black pepper mix. Later when I learned more about nutrition, I started to change some of my grocery decisions. I have already been eating mostly vegan whole food healthy diet but I still managed to increase substantially the level of antioxidants that I consume.
For people that don’t want to do this and that still want to eat oil and meat and sugar and all of the rest of the unhealthy foods, one easy step will be to do what I did.
Just go to the health food store and get some turmeric.
More potent basic mix.
The next step for me was to add other potent sources to the recipe.
The amount of turmeric we can safely consume is not that large. The upper limit is about 10 grams per day because it has high amounts of bioavailable oxalic acid. The safe upper limit for most people is 10 grams but 5 grams of it is an optimal dose.
To increase the potency of the recipe without increasing turmeric to unhealthy levels I added other antioxidants to the mix that were found to decrease inflammation in the study I referenced. I added dried ginger, rosemary, and cloves that I got from a health food store as well.
My recipe.
This was my recipe for a couple of years until a discovered the research behind amla and then added amla as well.
This doesn’t mean you should do this if you are happy with just turmeric then go with that or you can make your recipe. This is the mixture that I created based on clinical studies for myself. I personally only use amla because I don’t know the source of the most of Ayurvedic herbal dietary supplements that I would buy. Regrettably, one in five Ayurvedic herbal dietary supplements including Triphala were found contaminated with lead, mercury, or arsenic. Amla or Indian gooseberry is found the be noncontaminated same as turmeric so I will use just these two that I know are safe. Triphala has two more Indian medicinal spices besides Indian gooseberry.
Today I take 10 to 15 grams of this mix every morning and this will give me a value of around 5,000 to 10,000 ORAC units. One spoonful of this mixture will have more antioxidants than what the average American that eats a standard American diet will consume in a whole week. Plus, on top of antioxidants, there are other phytochemicals in there as well that have beneficial properties for the immune system, cognitive function, and endocrine function. Because this is a whole-food mixture there will be a food synergy effect as well.
The best thing about this is that you can make this “supplement” yourself and it is dirt cheap.
If you don’t want to do anything regarding your health and diet and don’t want to change anything then just do this one thing. It will benefit you more than any other health intervention. The worst thing about this is the taste. It is very nasty. The way I do it is I just put it directly into my mouth and then I drink water and swallow. I tried to mix it in with juice or water or in tea, and it didn’t help. As soon as it hits any type of liquid it starts to soak up and then it will bulk up and will release all of its taste to that liquid making it even worse.
After I created this form of the antioxidant-rich herbal mix, I created more advanced by also much more expensive ones. In my view for most of the population, this mixture will be enough.
We all use spices to cook, but did you know that they can be a great tool to incorporate more beneficial polyphenols into your diet? That’s right, with just one teaspoon you can do a whole lot to your health! Dr. Gundry shares what spices you need plus, the amazing benefits they can reap in your life.
Part of the Ernest Rosenbaum Cancer Survivorship Lecture Series. Herbs and spices have been shown to provide numerous health benefits–from boosting immunity to controlling blood sugar, aiding digestion, lowering blood pressure, and easing joint pain. Speaker: Alison Ryan, RD, MS, CSO, CSNC
Conclusion:
- Most powerful antioxidants are a concentrated form of natural antioxidant-rich herbs.
- Most of these spices and herbs will be used in normal cooking but only in small amounts and sporadically.
- Sometimes even a pinch of them will have an impact on overall levels of consumed antioxidants.
- We can use spices as a supplement.
- ORAC values are just initial guidelines.
- Studies that measure the direct anti-inflammatory effect of antioxidant-rich food sources in vivo are more valid if we want to have real-life choices.
- Cloves, ginger, rosemary, and turmeric significantly stifle the inflammatory response.
- Black pepper, cayenne, cinnamon, cumin, oregano, paprika, sage, and heated turmeric do not show anti-inflammatory effects in realistic cooking dosages.
- Paprika, rosemary, ginger, heat-treated turmeric, sage, and cumin protect against DNA strand breaks.
- 0.3 grams of heat-treated turmeric was able to bring down DNA damage in half.
- Heat-treated turmeric showed no effect on inflammation while raw powder did.
- Started with a basic mix of raw turmeric powder and ground black pepper and add some turmeric into cooking.
- The amount of turmeric we can safely consume is not that large.
- My more advanced but still basic recipe: turmeric, black pepper, ginger, rosemary, cloves, and amla.
- You can safely make your recipe by adding other medicinal herbs to the list.
- I take 10 to 15 grams of this mix every morning before the meal with an essential oil mix that I make for increased potency and bioavailability.
- One spoonful of this mixture will have more antioxidants than what the average American that eats a standard American diet will consume in a whole week.
- This is a whole-food mixture with other phytochemicals.
- There will be a food synergy effect as well.
- There are more advanced formals and supplements but much more expensive.
- You can make this “supplement” yourself and it is dirt cheap.
FAQ
References:
Passages selected from a book: Pokimica, Milos. Go Vegan? Review of Science Part 3. Kindle ed., Amazon, 2020.
- Percival, S. S., Vanden Heuvel, J. P., Nieves, C. J., Montero, C., Migliaccio, A. J., & Meadors, J. (2012). Bioavailability of herbs and spices in humans as determined by ex vivo inflammatory suppression and DNA strand breaks. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 31(4), 288–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2012.10720438
- Carlsen, M. H., Halvorsen, B. L., Holte, K., Bøhn, S. K., Dragland, S., Sampson, L., Willey, C., Senoo, H., Umezono, Y., Sanada, C., Barikmo, I., Berhe, N., Willett, W. C., Phillips, K. M., Jacobs, D. R., Jr, & Blomhoff, R. (2010). The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Nutrition journal, 9, 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-9-3
- Yashin, A., Yashin, Y., Xia, X., & Nemzer, B. (2017). Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 6(3), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6030070
- Lopes, M. I., Saffi, J., Echeverrigaray, S., Henriques, J. A., & Salvador, M. (2004). Mutagenic and antioxidant activities of Croton lechleri sap in biological systems. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 95(2-3), 437–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.08.025
- Madsen, H. B., & Bertelsen, G. (1995). Spices as antioxidants. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 6(8), 271–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-2244(00)89112-8
- Yashin, A., Yashin, Y., Xia, X., & Nemzer, B. (2017). Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 6(3), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6030070
- Paur, I., Carlsen, M. H., Halvorsen, B. L., et al. (2011). Antioxidants in herbs and spices: Roles in oxidative stress and redox signaling. In I. F. F. Benzie & S. Wachtel-Galor (Eds.), Herbal medicine: Biomolecular and clinical aspects (2nd ed.). CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10787
- Embuscado, M. E. (2015). Herbs and spices as antioxidants for food preservation. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 251–283). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-78242-089-7.00011-7
- Liao, H., Banbury, L. K., & Leach, D. N. (2008). Antioxidant activity of 45 Chinese herbs and the relationship with their TCM characteristics. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 5(4), 429–434. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem054
- Shobana, S., & Naidu, K. A. (2000). Antioxidant activity of selected Indian spices. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids, 62(2), 107–110. https://doi.org/10.1054/plef.1999.0128
- Saxena, R., Venkaiah, K., Anitha, P., Venu, L., & Raghunath, M. (2007). Antioxidant activity of commonly consumed plant foods of India: contribution of their phenolic content. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 58(4), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480601121953
- Jiang T. A. (2019). Health Benefits of Culinary Herbs and Spices. Journal of AOAC International, 102(2), 395–411. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0418
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Milos Pokimica is a doctor of natural medicine, clinical nutritionist, medical health and nutrition writer, and nutritional science advisor. Author of the book series Go Vegan? Review of Science, he also operates the natural health website GoVeganWay.com
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An abundance of nutrients in coastal areas created by runoff filled with synthetic fertilizers from farmland leads to excessive algal blooms. Algae blooms are dangerous. Microalgae create and excrete some of the most potent neurotoxins known to man.
Cancer Detoxification Inflammation
Sulforaphane Benefits: Detoxifying Superpower of Broccoli
Sulforaphane is the most potent natural phase 2 enzyme-inducer know to science. It is also demonstrated that sulforaphane is a dose-related inhibitor of carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis.
Cancer Inflammation Toxicity
Farmed fish- “Cesspool” paradise
Farmed fish have up to ten times more pollutants. After vaccination fish is always on antibiotics and pesticides.
Physical Activity Prevention
Exercise- Why exactly do we need it?
In the health community, exercise has almost a mythical status as one of the best things you can do for yourself except for avoidance of smoking.
Antioxidants ORAC
Antioxidant Power of Spices: In Vivo Results with Realistic Dosages
Cloves, ginger, rosemary, and turmeric significantly stifle inflammation while black pepper, cayenne, cinnamon, cumin, oregano, paprika, sage, and heated turmeric do nothing.
Allopathic Medicine Editor Picks
The tale of Big Pharma- IG Farben
The part of Rockefeller monopoly on chemical and medicine industries came into fulfillment after WW2. Standard Oil and IG Farben cooperation made this into reality.
Cancer Optimal Diet
Gene Expression and Epigenetics: How Diet and Environment Shape Your Health
It is not genes that matter but the way they express themselves.
Cancer Editor Picks Phytochemicals
Anticancer Power of Fruits and Vegetables: In Vivo and Clinical Evidence
Some vegetable extracts rival leading chemotherapy drugs and at the same time target multiple different types of cancer cells.
Cancer Raw food diet
Acrylamide exposure- Chips, fries, and cancer
Acrylamide is classified as a Group 2A human carcinogen. In 2002 it was discovered in extremely high concentrations in potato chips and French fries.
Antioxidants ORAC Phytochemicals
Antioxidant Supplements vs Whole Foods: Paying to Live a Shorter Life
Antioxidant supplements do not show the observed health benefits of diets rich in fruits and vegetables while vitamin E, selenium, beta carotene, lycopene show an increased risk of cancer.
Featured Posts –
Editor Picks Obesity
Binge eating disorder- The psychology of hunger
In nature, there is no refined sugar or fat. Our brain had never been exposed to a combination of the two all at once forcing us into binge eating disorder.
Editor Picks Optimal Diet Vegan Diet
WHO dietary guidelines- New food pyramid and suppression of science
WHO dietary guidelines recommend a diet low in saturated fat (animal protein), sugar, and salt and high in fruit and vegetables as a requirement to tackle the epidemic rise of chronic diseases worldwide.
Editor Picks Optimal Diet Protein
Protein Requirements- Inconvenient truth
When anthropologist studies showed that hominins lived on average of 15 to 20 grams of protein a day there was a so-called a “Great protein fiasco” back in the 1970s.
Editor Picks Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals: Understanding the Basics
Every single phytochemical that exists has a biological action in the human body. Every single one from millions of different phytochemicals.
Cancer Editor Picks Toxicity
Pesticide Exposure in Children: Real-Life Exposure Tests
Children and especially pregnant women are more vulnerable to pesticide exposure. If we analyze real-world exposure levels in real-life scenarios, what would the result be?
Editor Picks Optimal Diet Protein
High Protein Diet- Health Risk Correlations
Scarcity is the rule of protein in nature. In evolutionary terms, anthropologists have proven that hominins lived an average of 15 to 25 grams of protein a day. In the modern western type of high-protein diet we would consume that…
Cancer Editor Picks Toxicity
Pesticides in Food, Exposure in The Standard American Diet- 80 Percent From Meat
Most of the pesticides and especially heavy metals and other toxic waste pollutants we get, we get from meat. More than 80 percent of pesticide exposure in the standard American diet comes from animal products, not from fruits or vegetables.
Editor Picks Optimal Diet
Micronutrient Deficiency in Standard American Diet: Optimization Strategies
Nutrition profile of our modern meat, sugar, processed food diet is completely incongruent with our evolution resulting in severe micronutrient deficiency.
Allopathic Medicine Editor Picks Optimal Diet
The McGovern Report- Special Interest and The Suppression of Science
In 1977 the push for a change of Dietary Guidelines (McGovern Report) to more plant-based vegan one had been introduced to U.S. Congress.
Editor Picks Obesity
Minnesota Starvation Experiment: Why dieting makes us fat. The Psychology of Hunger.
One of the first scientific studies on what hunger does to the mind was observed in a study remembered as the Minnesota Starvation Experiment performed by the University of Minnesota back in 1944.
Latest from PubMed, #plant-based diet –
- Prediction of plant food allergens using protein embeddingsby Martín Méndez on May 14, 2026
MOTIVATION: The current trend to incorporate new protein sources to the diet, mostly from plants, requires a safety assessment of these polypeptides when used as food. Part of that safety evaluation involves assessing the potential allergenicity of the proteins. Such assessment typically follows a hierarchy of in silico, in vitro and in vivo assays. The computational prediction of protein allergenicity is the first step in the process and several predictors are available for this task. Due to…
- Understanding preferences regarding protein-enriched plant-based products of patients with lived experience of (risk of) malnutrition – a grounded theory studyby Nathalie Gorter on May 14, 2026
CONCLUSION: Patients prefer varied, easy-to-eat plant-based products, avoiding strong smells, unhealthy ingredients, and large portions. Emphasizing shared values of health, sustainability, and animal welfare can promote adoption of plant-based options.
- Meal-specific dietary patterns relate to memory functioningby Maria Kossowska-Wywiał on May 14, 2026
This research addresses a critical gap in our understanding of how specific meals consumed during the day relate to cognitive function, particularly memory performance. While numerous studies have explored overall dietary patterns, few have considered the isolated effects of specific meals. Across two studies, we investigated subjective and objective measures of memory in relation to dietary habits and meal-specific consumption among adults aged 20 to 90 years. In Study 1, individuals […]
- Gut microbiota-liver-kidney axis in diabetic kidney disease: mechanistic insights into amino acid metabolism and nutritional intervention strategies targeting natural bioactive compoundsby Li-Ya Sun on May 14, 2026
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease globally. Emerging research highlights the gut microbiota-gut-liver-kidney axis as a critical metabolic nexus linking dietary intake to DKD pathogenesis and progression. The gut microbiota, acting as a vast metabolic organ, transforms dietary components into key metabolites. Beneficial fermentation of fiber produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate, which exert anti-inflammatory and renal protective […]
- Plant-based diets for human health with implications for cardiometabolic health, gut microbiome, and nutritional adequacyby Mansour Alblaji on May 14, 2026
Plant-based diets have gained considerable interest in recent times due to their perceived health and environmental benefits. However, the term “plant-based diet” refers to a broad range of diets with a wide range of differences in food quality and nutritional content. This article aims to summarize the available evidence regarding the health and environmental impacts of plant-based diets, including new trends and issues. Epidemiological studies, RCTs, and life cycle assessment studies were…
- The zebrafish model: a versatile platform for uncovering the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in liver diseasesby Yuliang Liu on May 14, 2026
The search for novel therapeutics for prevalent liver diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and drug-induced liver injury is constrained by the methodological gaps in conventional preclinical models, which struggle to balance physiological complexity with screening efficiency. This challenge is particularly acute for natural products, where elucidating multifaceted mechanisms and inherent toxicological risks is paramount for…